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2013年成人高考专升本英语辅导:带双宾语的动词

2013-6-10 00:00| 发布者: liqiang| 查看: 1015| 评论: 0|原作者: liqiang

摘要: 在《及物动词不需要介词》一文中,谈到及物动词不需要通过介词引进宾语。但是,当及物动词有两个宾语时,有些无须介词,有些则需要。两个宾路都无须介词的动词包括下列这些:①Pleaseshowmetheletter.②Canyoubuymea ...

    在《及物动词不需要介词》一文中,谈到及物动词不需要通过介词引进宾语。但是,当及物动词有两个宾语时    ,有些无须介词,有些则需要。
    两个宾路都无须介词的动词包括下列这些:
    ① Please show me the letter.
    ② Can you buy me a meal?
    ③ I will give you the latest newsletter.
    ④ John has sent Betty a cheque of $1000.
    在①-④这样的句子里,有个直接宾语,也有个间接宾语。前者一定是“物”、后者一定是“人”。它们之间    不需要介词作桥梁。另一些双宾语的动词,就需要介词的帮助了。关于这点,可以分四方面来谈。
    Ⅰ.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置,如:
    ①a. The boss entrusted him with the job.
     b. The boss entrusted the job to him.
    ②a. He tried to impress the new idea on us.
    b. He tried to impress us with the new idea.
    ③a. A general should inspire his soldiers with great courage.
    b. A general should inspire great courage in his soldiers.
    Ⅱ.不同介词,不同意思,如:
    ④a. Who introduced John to you?
    b. Who introduced John into the new office?
    ⑤a. We warned him of the hazard.
    b. We warned him against the hazard.
    (a. 指存在的危险;b. 指可能的危险)
    ⑥a. When compared with each other, there are differences between the twins.
    b. We may compare the heart to a pump.
    (a. 指同类人或物对比;b.指两样不同东西互相比拟)
    ⑦a. Helen was disappointed of the prize.
    b. Helen was disappointed in the prize.
    (a. 指没得奖而失望;b. 指对所得的奖不满而失望)
    ⑧a. The cake is allied to the flour.
    b. Is Taiwan allied with America?
    (a.指两样东西有关联;b. 指两个国家有联盟关系)
    Ⅲ.两个宾语与介词各就各位,固定不变,如:
    ⑨ The police cautioned the tourists of the danger ahead.(警惕) ⑩ Can a doctor cure June of her     chronic illness?(医治)
    ● The company has to compensate its staff for their losses.(弥补)
    ● No one can deprive a citizen of his human right.(剥夺)
    Ⅳ.以返身代词为宾语的惯用语,如:
    ● I hope you will avail yourself of the golden opportunity. (    利用)
    ● My friends often pride themselves on their rare achievements.(以……自豪)
    ● Jill knows how to insinuate herself into her boss's favour.(向……献媚取宠)
    ● We look down on those ingratiating themselves with their superiors.(讨好……)

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